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Reactivation of memory engram neurons underlies
2022-06-20
Reactivation of memory engram neurons underlies memory retrieval. Neurons activated during memory formation are reactivated during the memory test 24, 25, 32. The reactivation is observed in the cerebral cortex as well as in the hippocampus and amygdala 33, 34. The ratio of the reactivation correlat
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br Other mechanisms In vitamin B deficiency antibody
2022-06-20
Other mechanisms In vitamin B6 deficiency, antibody production may be indirectly impaired [38]. Grindley et al. [4] showed that high dietary intake of vitamin B6 (74.3 mg PN/kg diet) suppresses herpes simplex virus type 2 transformed cell-induced tumor growth and enhances immune status compared w
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myc inhibitor The Rab to Rab switch
2022-06-20
The Rab5 to Rab7 switch on endosomes co-occurs with the release of the Rab5 GEF Rabex5 from endosomes, which prevents further Rab5 activation [5]. In addition, the Rab5 GAP is recruited to inactivate remaining Rab5 [67]. Recent data suggest that another GAP, TBC1D5, which binds the retromer complex,
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The isoenzyme hGSTP is an attractive drug target
2022-06-20
The isoenzyme hGSTP1-1 is an attractive drug target due to its high levels of disease association (target validation) and druggability (target tractability) properties [5,6,[17], [18], [19], [20], [21]]. hGSTP1-1 functions as a homodimer protein [18]. Each monomer has two domains, an α/β domain (N-t
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Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ELISA is a
2022-06-20
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a rapid and simple test widely used for the detection of humoral immune responses following infection/vaccination. However, commercially available ILTV ELISA use the whole virus as the detecting antigen and therefore may not be sensitive for the detection
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br Conclusion Until recently astrocytes were recognized
2022-06-20
Conclusion Until recently, astrocytes were recognized solely for their maintenance role in the regulation of VX-689 homeostasis. Nowadays, this idea has changed, it is clear that these cells play a crucial role in the regulation of neuronal activity and signal transmission. In particular, glial G
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We observed the reduced expression of the
2022-06-20
We observed the reduced expression of the GluN2a subunit in the temporal and entorhinal cortexes and ventral hippocampus, which may result in the predominance of GluN2b-containing NMDA receptors during the latent period. Previously, using the same model, we revealed the reduction of the GluN2a/GluN2
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br Acknowledgements br Introduction Benzodiazepine
2022-06-20
Acknowledgements Introduction Benzodiazepine (BZ) treatment is widely used for quick and efficient anxiolytic and sedative responses. However, when the use is extended to longer periods, adverse effects emerge. These include tolerance to the initial drug effect, dependence as revealed by withd
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br Regulation of GCK by intrinsic conformational dynamics GC
2022-06-20
Regulation of GCK by intrinsic conformational dynamics GCK is a 465-residue, 52-kDa enzyme comprised of two domains, hereafter referred to as the large domain and the small domain, that are separated by a flexible hinge region. As with other proteins that adopt the hexokinase fold, substrates bin
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However the clinical development of was terminated in
2022-06-18
However, the clinical development of was terminated in 2013 due to the concerns over liver toxicity, raising important questions regarding the long-term safety and viability of targeting GPR40 and, more specifically, about our understanding of the pharmacobiology and signaling spectrum of this recep
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br Results and discussion Computer modelling studies suggest
2022-06-18
Results and discussion Computer modelling studies suggested that the endocyclic oxygens in furocoumarin derivatives, such as SID 26681509 3a (Fig. 1), could also coordinate metal ions in the HIV-1 IN enzyme active site and inhibit the integration of viral DNA. The coumarin moiety is found in var
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In conclusion studies of the regulation of
2022-06-18
In conclusion, studies of the regulation of the HO-1/BVR/CO pathway by selective pharmacological approaches may lead to the discovery of novel compounds for the treatment of diverse diseases. Recent results validate the use of advances in targeting HO-1 in various vascular diseases. However, there a
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In the Hedgehog signaling pathway cholesterol is required to
2022-06-18
In the Hedgehog signaling pathway, cholesterol is required to activate SMO (Cooper et al., 2003), the downstream target of PTCH1. A previous study (Bidet et al., 2011) reported that Patched expression in yeast cmv virus increased extrusion of a fluorescent boron dipyromethanene sterol derivative (BO
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Furthermore the identification of the inhibitory effect of P
2022-06-18
Furthermore, the identification of the inhibitory effect of P. grandiflorum and ginseng extract on HDAC represents an effective workflow for gene expression similarity-based repositioning of nutraceuticals. Acknowledgments This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the
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Little is known about the endocrinological control
2022-06-17
Little is known about the endocrinological control of reproduction in polychaetes. In vertebrates, gonadal maturation is regulated by the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. GnRH, GTHs, and steroid hormones are involved in this axis (see Okubo and Nagahama, 2008). In two polychaete species, Perinere
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