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br Acknowledgements We thank LetPub
2022-08-24
Acknowledgements We thank LetPub (www.letpub.com) for its linguistic assistance during the preparation of this manuscript. This work was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (No. 7122187), and Special fund for clinical research of Chinese Medical Association (No. 13040700455).
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Neurotrans
2022-08-24
Materials and methods Results Discussion Neurotransmitter uptake is one of the most important aspects of synaptic transmission, it fact, the existence of a specific uptake system is one of the requisites that any neuroactive substance has to cover to be considered a neurotransmitter. It has
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Regarding the causative diseases of ES patients
2022-08-24
Regarding the causative diseases of ES, patients with unknown cause and those with encephalitis had significantly higher CSF levels of Z-YVAD-FMK against GluN2B-NT2 and GluN2B-CT than the disease controls, but patients with genetic disorder and those with cortical dysplasia showed no significant dif
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GLP and glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide GIP are
2022-08-23
GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) are gut hormones secreted from intestinal L BYL719 and K cells, respectively. Together, these hormones account for the vast majority of the incretin effect, the enhanced postprandial insulin secretion observed in healthy adults (Dupre et al.,
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br Introduction The mammalian skin forms the largest organ
2022-08-23
Introduction The mammalian skin forms the largest organ of the body and includes a network of cutaneous nerves, cells of the immune system, and mediators of the neuro-endocrine axis (Theoharides et al., 2016). Analogous to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neuropeptides and their receptors
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Based on the aforementioned findings variations
2022-08-22
Based on the aforementioned findings, variations of the imidazole heterocycle present in the endogenous ligand histamine (1) led to 2-(thiazol-2-yl)ethanamine (2-TEA, 2) and later to 2-(3-bromophenyl)histamine or 2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)histamine (3) (Fig. 3). Interestingly, 2-TEA demonstrated
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Bile acids are the end products of cholesterol catabolism an
2022-08-22
Bile acids are the end products of cholesterol catabolism and have also been considered as hepatomitogens. Recently, Yap has been shown to be activated by the mevalonate pathway, which is essential for the biosynthesis of isoprenoids and downstream cholesterol and bile acids (Sorrentino et al., 2014
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br Introduction Topological hedgehogs keep
2022-08-22
Introduction Topological hedgehogs keep generating interest in point-set topology as they are a rich source of counterexamples and applications (for a comprehensive survey on topological hedgehogs we refer to [1]; see also [9]). They may be described as a set of spines identified at a single poin
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Mapping PPI networks is challenging as it is
2022-08-22
Mapping PPI networks is challenging, as it is difficult to express and purify large variaties of Telenzepine dihydrochloride in sufficient quantities to allow the study of interactions between them. Membrane-bound proteins are particularly difficult to purify in functional form due to their amphiphi
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br Discussion Regulation of redox homeostasis is
2022-08-22
Discussion Regulation of redox homeostasis is critical in the maintenance of normal cell functions, and both glutathione S-transferase and peroxiredoxin enzymes are important contributors to this process. There are numerous reports of aberrant expression patterns of GSTP linked with cancer and wi
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br Cholecystokinin CCK CCK is secreted
2022-08-22
Cholecystokinin (CCK) CCK is secreted by enteroendocrine I-cells of the duodenum and jejunum in response to amino acids and lipids [14]. There are two forms of the CCK receptor, CCK1 which is expressed on pancreatic α- and β-cells while CCK2 is located on somatostatin-secreting δ-cells [8]. CCK r
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br Discovery of GPR A The murine niacin
2022-08-22
Discovery of GPR109A The murine niacin receptor, protein upregulated in macrophages by interferon-γ (PUMA-G), was identified as a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) expressed in adipocytes and spleen [22], [23]. This finding suggested a role of this receptor in macrophage function [24]. In 2003, t
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Treatment with probiotics can also
2022-08-22
Treatment with probiotics can also be used to alter the microbiota profile of CF patients. One study reports that administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus Reuteri improved digestive health and inflammation [112]. The fecal microbial profile changed, showing a decrease in Proteobacteria and an i
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Medulloblastoma predominantly occurs in infants and children
2022-08-22
Medulloblastoma predominantly occurs in infants and children, and is the most-common type of paediatric malignant Carbetocin tumour, accounting for about 20% of all childhood brain tumors [63]. According to cancer genomics, medulloblastoma consists of at least 4 distinct subgroups: Hh driven, Wnt dr
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This hypothesis is in line with our
2022-08-19
This hypothesis is in line with our phylogenetic analysis of FBPase sequences which revealed that vertebrate FBP2 evolved significantly faster than FBP1 (Fig. 2). An average distance between FBP2 and ancestral vertebrate FBPase was higher than that for FBP1. Moreover, preliminary study on amphibia
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